Acid Catalysed Hydrolysis of Sucrose for Chem IA can have a Probable Research Question: What is the effect of temperature on the rate of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of sucrose and how does it influence change in angle of rotation as measured by a polarimeter?
Sucrose, also known as table sugar, is a disaccharide that is widely used in the food industry. The hydrolysis process involves breaking down this sugar into its two monosaccharides – glucose and fructose – through the action of acid catalysts. Temperature plays an important role in this reaction rate; generally, higher temperatures result in more energy being available to overcome the activation energy barrier and accelerate the reaction. The angle of rotation observed when light passes through a solution can be used to gauge concentration levels and measure changes over time, allowing us to accurately determine reaction rates with a polarimeter.
Variables:
- Temperature (independent variable)
- Rate of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of sucrose (dependent variable)
- Angle of rotation as measured by a polarimeter (dependent variable)
Materials Required:
- Sucrose solution
- Hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid
- Polarimeter
- Hot plate or water bath
- Thermometer
- Graduated cylinder or burette
- Test tubes
- Magnetic stirrer
- Stop watch
Method: Write your method or research the method. You need not to copy the following content.
- Prepare a solution of 100 mL of sucrose and 5 mL of 1 M HCl. Mix them thoroughly.
- Place the solution in a test tube and measure its initial angle of rotation using the polarimeter. Record the result.
- Place the test tube on a hot plate. You should set the temperature to 25°C or any other temperature as you decide.
- Attach a magnetic stirrer to the test tube.
- Start the stopwatch and start stirring the solution.
- Measure and record the angle of rotation every 2 minutes for a total of 10 minutes or what ever you have decided for the experiment.
- Repeat steps 3-6 for temperatures of 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, and 45°C or as per your scheme of experiment.
- Plot the data collected from each temperature on a graph. Remember to keep the angle of rotation on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. Do you know why?
- Analyse your findings and proceed further.
Follow the IB DP Chemistry IA Templet.
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